排序方式: 共有67条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
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正确认识和对待天气气候预报的不确定性 总被引:3,自引:2,他引:1
美国国家科学发展的指导机构同家研究顾问委员会(NRC)不久前发表了一份关于天气、气候和水文预报的不确定性的凋研报告.报告强调了预报不确定性信息在终端用户应用气象预报作决策中的重要性,同时指出一个预报如果没有定量地估计它的不确定性,那么该预报是不完全的.该报告中文版的出版工作正在进行中,现藉此机会向读者综合地介绍一下预报不确定性的问题.文中首先讨论了预报不确定性的缘由以及应该如何来科学地对待它.然后介绍了要应对这一问题所要进行的一些具体措施和策略.最后,简要地介绍了美国气象界为此所做的一些努力和计划以供参考.通过上述讨论和介绍,希望引起更多的人对预报不确定性问题的重视并科学应对以更好地服务社会. 相似文献
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社会性网络服务社区中人际节点空间分布特征及地缘因素分析 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
以开心网15个大学群为案例,应用信息熵和度分布两种方法,研究了社会性网络服务社区中人际节点空间分布特征及其地缘因素的影响。人际节点是以"好友"关系建立的链接来表达的,研究数据包括通过"成员"体现的好友和通过"话题"体现的好友2个层次,以便可以将虚拟的可能关系变为虚拟现实的确定关系。研究结果如下:①各大学群中好友空间分布... 相似文献
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南海周边航运网络脆弱性及对中国集装箱运输的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
随着中国对外贸易的发展,南海在中国对外运输中的重要性不断提升,评估南海周边航运网络失效对中国不同港口的影响程度十分必要。以2018年前18强船公司的集装箱航线数据为基础,构建南海周边港口的集装箱航运网络,通过网络节点指标、最短路径模拟等方法测度网络的脆弱性,并分析南海周边港口失效对中国的影响。全文主要结论如下:南海航运的抗毁性较弱,15%~25%的头部港口失效对整体航运网络组织会产生实质性的毁坏;釜山和新加坡是本区域最重要的港口,海防、上海、青岛、东京、泗水、横滨、神户等在区域中具有高脆弱性;评估港口失效后的替代港口方案,发现替代集装箱港口的可选择范围很小,很少有港口失效后能同时满足地理临近、介数增长和能力相当三大条件,在海上航运网络中港口失效带来的影响是难以修补的;以最短路径模拟中国港口对南海周边其他港口的挂靠情况,发现新加坡、巴生和釜山是对中国具有全局影响力的三大港口,林查班、马尼拉、宿务、圣费尔南多、海防等对其他港口具有点对点的局域影响。 相似文献
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Hassan A. Karimi Piyawan Kasemsuppakorn 《International journal of geographical information science》2013,27(5):947-962
With the advanced capabilities of mobile devices and the success of car navigation systems, interest in pedestrian navigation systems is on the rise. A critical component of any navigation system is a map database, which represents a network (e.g., road networks for car navigation) and supports key functionality such as map display, geocoding, and routing. Road networks, mainly due to the popularity of car navigation systems, are well defined and publicly available. However, in pedestrian navigation systems, as well as other applications including urban planning and physical activity studies, road networks do not adequately represent the paths that pedestrians usually travel. Currently, there is a void in literatures discussing the challenges, methods, and best practices for pedestrian network map generation. This coupled with the increased demand for pedestrian networks is the prime motivation for development of new approaches and algorithms to automatically generating pedestrian networks. Three approaches, network buffering, using existing road networks, collaborative mapping, using Global Positioning System (GPS) traces collected by volunteers, and image processing, using high-resolution satellite and laser imageries, were implemented and evaluated with a pedestrian network baseline as a ground truth. The results of the experiments indicate that these three approaches, while differing in complexity and outcome, are viable for automatic pedestrian network map generation. The recommendation of a suitable approach for generating pedestrian networks for a given set of sources and requirements is provided. 相似文献
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根据位置服务信息,采用道路内微观路由和道路间宏观路由相结合的路由方案(MiMa),引入Dijk-stra优化算法为节点间通信提供一条具有导向功能的最佳路由。实验结果表明,该路由协议提高了数据包投递率,降低了数据端到端的传输延迟。 相似文献
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在经济全球化时代,跨国公司是开发区形成、发展和演进的关键驱动力量。在多种异质性行为主体交互作用所形成的"学习场"中,跨国公司要实现其全球化和本土化战略,就必须与开发区政府和本土企业之间建立有效的地方化结网"通道"。其中,"政策通道"首先为其提供了最基本的"通道"保障,成为跨国公司进驻开发区的初始动因。通过技术、市场等各... 相似文献
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The networking status of journals reflects their academic influence among peer journals. This paper analyzes the cited and citing environments of this journal, Advances in Atmospheric Sciences (Adv. Atmos. Sci.), using methods from social network analysis. Since its initial publication, Adv. Atmos. Sci. has been actively participating in the international journal environment and international journals are frequently cited in Adv. Atmos. Sci. Particularly, this journal is intensely interrelated with its international peer journals in terms of their similar citing patterns. The international influence of Adv. Atmos. Sci. is comparatively bigger than other Chinese SCI journals in atmospheric sciences as reffected by total cites to Adv. Atmos. Sci. and the total number of international journals citing it. The academic visibility of Adv. Atmos. Sci. is continuing to improve in the international research community as the number of reference citation it receives in its peer journals internationally increases over time. 相似文献
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本文针对普遍关注的溢油事件,分析了重大溢油事件应急监测中迫切需要解决的七个问题:溢油源确认核查、溢油面积准确估算、水下溢油探查、针对溢油应急过程的海洋环境监测、针对重点海域的溢油凝视监测、服务于溢油事件过程的次生事件风险观测;总结了溢油监测传感器的技术特点,分析了卫星、航空、固定式观测平台、移动式观测平台、水下固定和移动观测平台等5类溢油观测平台的技术现状与不足,提出了溢油跨学科组网观测构想,并初步设计了观测网络的组成及运行模式,以期对溢油组网观测系统的建设有所推动。 相似文献